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VOL. 1, ISSUE 2 (2025)
Climate change, migration and livelihood vulnerability in Costal Odisha: Emerging trends and policy challenges
Authors
Dr. Manoja Kumar Panda, Dr. Manoj Kumar Sial, Manash Kumar Behera
Abstract
The study aims to
examine the interlinkages between climate change migration patterns and
livelihood vulnerability in costal Odisha. It seeks to identify the drivers of
climate induced migration assess the socio-economic challenges faced by migrant
household and explore the policy gaps in addressing livelihood insecurity. The
research relies exclusively on secondary data drawn from census reports
government publications disaster management records and previous scholarly
works. Statistical information on migration trends climate events and
livelihood patterns has been systematically reviewed and interpreted to
understand the nexus between climate stress and migration. The study indicates
that migration while a coping mechanism cannot ensure long-term livelihood
security. Secondary data show a growing dependency on migration as an adaptive
response yet policy measures remain inadequate in providing sustainable
livelihood alternatives. Strengthening costal infrastructure promoting skill
development and diversifying income source are essential for building
resilience in vulnerable communities. The findings suggest that recurrent
cyclones floods and saline intrusion have adversely affected agriculture
fisheries and wage labour in costal Odisha. Such livelihood disruptions have
triggered significant outmigration particularly seasonal and industrial
centers. Migrant households often face unstable incomes lack of social
protection and heightened vulnerability in source and destination regions. Climate
change is one of the most pressing challenges of the twenty-first century,
affecting human mobility and livelihoods. Odisha, a coastal state in eastern
India, is highly exposed to cyclones, floods, and salinity intrusion, which
disrupt agriculture and fisheries, forcing migration. This study examines the
relationship between climate change, migration, and livelihood vulnerability in
coastal Odisha using secondary data from Census, NDMA, NIDM, Odisha Economic
Survey, and World Bank reports. The analysis reveals increasing distress
migration and the urgent need for policy interventions. Climate change has
emerged as one of the defining challenges of the 21st century, with its
consequences most acutely felt in vulnerable coastal regions. Odisha, located
on the eastern coast of India, is highly exposed to the adverse impacts of
climate variability such as cyclones, floods, and sea-level rise. These events
disrupt local livelihoods and accelerate migration. This paper examines the
interlinkages between climate change, migration, and livelihood vulnerability
in coastal Odisha, using secondary data from Census 2011[1], NFHS-5,
NSSO, UNDP, and IPCC reports. Findings reveal that climate-induced migration
has become an adaptive livelihood strategy for households exposed to
environmental stress. The study provides an in-depth analysis of migration
patterns, livelihood shifts, and policy implications. It argues for
comprehensive climate adaptation and migration governance frameworks to ensure
sustainable development in the region.
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Pages:193-198
How to cite this article:
Dr. Manoja Kumar Panda, Dr. Manoj Kumar Sial, Manash Kumar Behera "Climate change, migration and livelihood vulnerability in Costal Odisha: Emerging trends and policy challenges". International Journal of Applied Review
, Vol 1, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 193-198
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